Assessing phytotoxicity and tolerance levels of ZnO nanoparticles on Raphanus sativus: implications for widespread adoptions

• Pathirannahalage Sahan Samuditha,
• Nadeesh Madusanka Adassooriya and
• Nazeera Salim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 115–125, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.11

• coir without displaying chlorosis, necrosis, or strong growth inhibition, indicating its tolerance to elevated Zn levels [47]. Its resilience may have implications not only for the plant but also for the surrounding soil environment, microflora, and potentially human health. Metal-based engineered

• nanomaterials may dissolve and then undergo biotransformation or be internalized as intact particles in a biological context [48]. As an example, the biotransformation of ZnO NPs into Zn nitrate, Zn phosphate, and Zn citrate in desert plant species has been reported [49]. Also, the bioaccumulation of intact ZnO

Identifying diverse metal oxide nanomaterials with lethal effects on embryonic zebrafish using machine learning

• Richard Liam Marchese Robinson,
• Haralambos Sarimveis,
• Philip Doganis,
• Xiaodong Jia,
• Marianna Kotzabasaki,
• Christiana Gousiadou,
• Stacey Lynn Harper and
• Terry Wilkins

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1297–1325, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.97

• ; Introduction A variety of nanomaterial (NM)-enabled products have already been marketed [1][2] and there is considerable interest in the development of novel engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) for a variety of applications. Nanomedicine, including ENM-based therapeutic agents, nanocarriers (i.e., targeted drug

The preparation temperature influences the physicochemical nature and activity of nanoceria

• Robert A. Yokel,
• Wendel Wohlleben,
• Johannes Georg Keller,
• Matthew L. Hancock,
• Jason M. Unrine,
• D. Allan Butterfield and
• Eric A. Grulke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 525–540, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.43

• engineered nanomaterials prepared by many methods that result in products with varying physicochemical properties and applications. Those used industrially are often calcined, an example is NM-212. Other nanoceria have beneficial pharmaceutical properties and are often prepared by solvothermal synthesis

• treatment of nanoceria can produce significant differences in solubility and surface cerium valence, which affect the biological and catalytic properties of nanoceria. Keywords: cerium; dissolution; nanoparticles; physicochemical properties; valence state; Introduction The long-term fate of engineered

• nanomaterials (ENMs), which could profoundly influence their biological effects, is not well understood. After uptake into phagolysosomes, which have a pH value of ca. 4.5, there is the potential for dissolution, changing the physicochemical, and potentially the biological, identity of ENMs. Nanoceria are a

Rational design of block copolymer self-assemblies in photodynamic therapy

• Maxime Demazeau,
• Laure Gibot,
• Anne-Françoise Mingotaud,
• Patricia Vicendo,
• Clément Roux and
• Barbara Lonetti

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 180–212, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.15

Frontiers in pharmaceutical nanotechnology

• Matthias G. Wacker

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2538–2540, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.244

• commercial success, and consequently, the number of new therapies [7]. Nanotechnology comes in a thousand varieties and there is a rising number of “engineered nanomaterials” under development [1][8]. In this dedicated issue, we present some of the latest trends ranging from the synthesis of new materials [9

Toxicity and safety study of silver and gold nanoparticles functionalized with cysteine and glutathione

• Barbara Pem,
• Igor M. Pongrac,
• Lea Ulm,
• Ivan Pavičić,
• Valerije Vrček,
• Darija Domazet Jurašin,
• Marija Ljubojević,
• Adela Krivohlavek and
• Ivana Vinković Vrček

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1802–1817, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.175

• nanoparticles (AuNPs) range from molecular imaging, targeted drug delivery, gene therapy, cancer treatment or radio-sensitization and theranostics [1][4][6]. Moreover, AgNPs and AuNPs are among the most investigated engineered nanomaterials for medical use. A search performed in the Web of Science (WoS

The systemic effect of PEG-nGO-induced oxidative stress in vivo in a rodent model

• Qura Tul Ain,
• Samina Hyder Haq,
• Abeer Alshammari,
• Moudhi Abdullah Al-Mutlaq and
• Muhammad Naeem Anjum

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 901–911, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.91

• made in the synthesis of graphene oxide nanoparticles and their use in medicine, so there is an urgent need to look at the safety and efficacy of these particles in vivo. It has been observed that engineered nanomaterials, e.g., from metals or metal oxides, have the potential to induce toxicity by

Characterization and influence of hydroxyapatite nanopowders on living cells

• Przemyslaw Oberbek,
• Tomasz Bolek,
• Adrian Chlanda,
• Seishiro Hirano,
• Sylwia Kusnieruk,
• Julia Rogowska-Tylman,
• Ganna Nechyporenko,
• Viktor Zinchenko,
• Wojciech Swieszkowski and
• Tomasz Puzyn

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 3079–3094, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.286

• and J774.1 to assess the influence of the nanoparticles on immune, reproductive and respiratory systems. Keywords: nanomaterials safety; biomaterials; tissue engineering; microscopic characterization; cytotoxicity; hydroxyapatite; Introduction Engineered nanomaterials have found applications in many

Review on nanoparticles and nanostructured materials: history, sources, toxicity and regulations

• Jaison Jeevanandam,
• Ahmed Barhoum,
• Yen S. Chan,
• Alain Dufresne and
• Michael K. Danquah

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1050–1074, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.98

• evolution and the biosphere, which covers micro-organisms and higher organisms, including humans [19][20]. (ii) Synthetic (engineered) nanomaterials are produced by mechanical grinding, engine exhaust and smoke, or are synthesized by physical, chemical, biological or hybrid methods. The question of risk

• processes such as nanoparticles produced from vehicle engine exhaust, welding fumes, combustion processes and even some natural process such as forest fires; (ii) engineered nanomaterials, which have been manufactured by humans to have certain required properties for desired applications and (iii) naturally

• effects. Engineered nanomaterials Simple combustion during cooking, in vehicles, fuel oil and coal for power generation [83], airplane engines, chemical manufacturing, welding, ore refining and smelting are some of the anthropogenic activities that lead to NP formation [84]. NMs such as carbon NPs [85

Bright fluorescent silica-nanoparticle probes for high-resolution STED and confocal microscopy

• Isabella Tavernaro,
• Christian Cavelius,
• Henrike Peuschel and
• Annette Kraegeloh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1283–1296, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.130

• components and structures are not only important in the nanomedical field but also in nanotoxicology. Due to the fact that more and more nano-based materials come to market and are developed for everyday use, the latter discipline is targeting the effects of engineered nanomaterials on living organisms [15

Needs and challenges for assessing the environmental impacts of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs)

• Michelle Romero-Franco,
• Hilary A. Godwin,
• Muhammad Bilal and
• Yoram Cohen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 989–1014, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.101

• risks that may be imposed by engineered nanomaterials (ENMs), particularly when confronted by the reality of limited hazard or exposure data. In this review, we examine a range of available risk assessment frameworks considering the contexts in which different stakeholders may need to assess the

• present frameworks and tools to meet those needs. Keywords: engineered nanomaterials; environmental impacts; risk assessment; Introduction Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) are increasingly being used in numerous industrial products and processes owing to their unique physicochemical properties. There are

• their intended applications for hazard identification, characterization of environmental risk, and characterization of occupational risk. Hazard identification frameworks The following four frameworks for identifying hazards associated with engineered nanomaterials were assessed: (a) the Swiss

Hydration of magnesia cubes: a helium ion microscopy study

• Ruth Schwaiger,
• Johannes Schneider,
• Gilles R. Bourret and
• Oliver Diwald

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 302–309, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.28

• ion microscopy; magnesia nanocubes; nanomaterials aging; oxide nanomaterials; surface hydroxylation; thin water films; volume expansion; Introduction Knowledge about the stability of engineered nanomaterials in aqueous systems is critical for predicting their functionality under environmental

An ISA-TAB-Nano based data collection framework to support data-driven modelling of nanotoxicology

• Richard L. Marchese Robinson,
• Mark T. D. Cronin,
• Andrea-Nicole Richarz and
• Robert Rallo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1978–1999, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.202

• nanomaterials with desired properties [1][2], is of increasing importance [3][4]. Nanomaterials may be considered to be any chemicals with (a majority of) constituent particles with one or more dimensions in the nanoscale (typically 1–100 nm) range and engineered nanomaterials may be considered to be any

• weaknesses of the resources are discussed along with possible future developments. Keywords: databases; ISA-TAB-Nano; nanoinformatics; nanotoxicology; quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR); Introduction Nanotechnology, which may be considered the design and application of engineered

NanoE-Tox: New and in-depth database concerning ecotoxicity of nanomaterials

• Katre Juganson,
• Angela Ivask,
• Irina Blinova,
• Monika Mortimer and
• Anne Kahru

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1788–1804, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.183

• use of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) inevitably results in their higher concentrations in the environment. This may lead to undesirable environmental effects and thus warrants risk assessment. The ecotoxicity testing of a wide variety of ENMs rapidly evolving in the market is costly but also

• . Keywords: nanoparticles; physico-chemical properties; REACH; Thomson Reuters Web of Science; toxicity mechanisms; Introduction The production and use of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) in consumer products is increasing rapidly [1]. As of March 20, 2015 there were more than 1,800 products listed in

• ecotoxicology of engineered nanomaterials, NanoE-Tox (Supporting Information File 2). Results and Discussion During the recent years, the number of peer-reviewed papers related to nanoecotoxicology has increased exponentially. According to Thomson Reuters WoS, 770 nanoecotoxicological peer-reviewed papers that

The Nanomaterial Data Curation Initiative: A collaborative approach to assessing, evaluating, and advancing the state of the field

• Christine Ogilvie Hendren,
• Christina M. Powers,
• Mark D. Hoover and
• Stacey L. Harper

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1752–1762, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.179

• could ultimately provide insights useful to broader data spheres. Challenges for the global development of engineered nanomaterials Researchers and product developers around the globe are currently working toward understanding and controlling the behavior of matter at the nanoscale. Engineered

• forecasters, all similarly interested in how the novel properties of engineered nanomaterials affect their interactions and behavior. Since its inception, the NCIP NanoWG has supported the development of the NanoParticle Ontology (NPO) (http://www.nano-ontology.org) vocabulary standards, first published in

• nanomaterials (ENMs), typically classified as materials with at least one dimension between 1 and 100 nanometers that exhibit unique physical, biological, or chemical behavior due to their size, present both the opportunity to harness their novel properties for a wide range of applications, as well as to

The eNanoMapper database for nanomaterial safety information

• Nina Jeliazkova,
• Charalampos Chomenidis,
• Philip Doganis,
• Bengt Fadeel,
• Roland Grafström,
• Barry Hardy,
• Janna Hastings,
• Markus Hegi,
• Vedrin Jeliazkov,
• Nikolay Kochev,
• Pekka Kohonen,
• Cristian R. Munteanu,
• Haralambos Sarimveis,
• Bart Smeets,
• Pantelis Sopasakis,
• Georgia Tsiliki,
• David Vorgrimmler and
• Egon Willighagen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1609–1634, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.165

• , Lucca, Italy in silico toxicology Gmbh (IST), Basel, Switzerland 10.3762/bjnano.6.165 Abstract Background: The NanoSafety Cluster, a cluster of projects funded by the European Commision, identified the need for a computational infrastructure for toxicological data management of engineered nanomaterials

• requirements, set-up by the nanotechnology community. A number of challenges exist in the representation and integration of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) data mainly due to the complexity of the data and the need to capture provenance. Physicochemical identity The eNanoMapper framework must capture the

Using natural language processing techniques to inform research on nanotechnology

• Nastassja A. Lewinski and
• Bridget T. McInnes

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1439–1449, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.149

• nanotechnology is exponentially increasing with more and more engineered nanomaterials being created, characterized, and tested for performance and safety. With the deluge of published data, there is a need for natural language processing approaches to semi-automate the cataloguing of engineered nanomaterials

• field. However, its impact is already realized with engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) incorporated in over 1800 consumer products, included in over 100 clinical trials, and contained in 40 FDA approved nanomedicines [1][2][3]. At the onset of the U.S. National Nanotechnology Initiative, researchers

• documents being analyzed by the NLP systems contain relevant engineered nanomaterials information [13][14]. In the nanoinformatics literature discussed in this review, there are several NLP methods and systems that were proposed to extract, classify, and understand ENM-related information within

Simulation tool for assessing the release and environmental distribution of nanomaterials

• Haoyang Haven Liu,
• Muhammad Bilal,
• Anastasiya Lazareva,
• Arturo Keller and
• Yoram Cohen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 938–951, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.97

• the response of an environmental system to various release scenarios of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs). It also allows for the investigation of the impact of geographical and meteorological parameters on ENM distribution in the environment, comparison of the impact of ENM production and potential

• : engineered nanomaterials; environmental exposure assessment; life cycle assessment; nanoinformatics; web-based simulation tool; Introduction Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) are reported to be utilized in more than 1,000 commercial products owing to their unique size-related beneficial properties [1][2][3][4

Synthesis of boron nitride nanotubes and their applications

• Saban Kalay,
• Zehra Yilmaz,
• Ozlem Sen,
• Melis Emanet,
• Emine Kazanc and
• Mustafa Çulha

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 84–102, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.9

• formation of polymer grafts on the BNNT surface. Toxicity of BNNTs The potential adverse effect of nanomaterials on living systems is a growing concern. Although many engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) are already in use in several applications, there is no clear consensus regarding their possible impacts on

Nanoparticle interactions with live cells: Quantitative fluorescence microscopy of nanoparticle size effects

• Li Shang,
• Karin Nienhaus,
• Xiue Jiang,
• Linxiao Yang,
• Katharina Landfester,
• Volker Mailänder,
• Thomas Simmet and
• G. Ulrich Nienhaus

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2388–2397, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.248

• Technology (KIT), 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA 10.3762/bjnano.5.248 Abstract Engineered nanomaterials are known to enter human cells, often via active endocytosis. Mechanistic details of the interactions between

• machinery in order to trigger the subsequent internalization. Keywords: cell membrane; endocytosis; fluorescence microscopy; nanoparticle; size effect; Introduction Understanding the interaction between engineered nanomaterials and living matter has attracted increasing attention in recent years

Effect of silver nanoparticles on human mesenchymal stem cell differentiation

• Christina Sengstock,
• Jörg Diendorf,
• Matthias Epple,
• Thomas A. Schildhauer and
• Manfred Köller

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2058–2069, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.214

• commercialization among current nanomaterials mainly due to their well-known antiseptic activities [1]. Presently, there are over 600 commercialized products on the market made from engineered nanomaterials, and Ag-NP are contained in approximately 250 of these products [2][3]. In the medical sector, various Ag